Dab Tsi Qhov Fiber Optic Nkag Network Kho Dua Tshiab Hauv 5G Era?
Peb tau pom 5G cov pab pawg txuas ntxiv, ncua kev txo qis thiab muaj zog txhawb nqa Is Taws Nem. Nws tseem ua rau muaj kev sib tw loj rau cov khoos phis tawj siv qhov muag pom tau. Ua ntej, rau cov kev pabcuam Internet qub, cov kab xev ntawm cov neeg siv txawb tau nce mus txog 1 ~ 10Gbps. Qhov kev ncua qeeb yog txo mus rau 1 ~ 10ms, uas yog qhov sib luag rau kev sib txuas-kho qhov muag tau txais kev ua haujlwm. Txoj kev siv bandwidth thiab ncua qhov zoo ntawm cov tsoos kho qhov muag tau ploj mus rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm 5G, thiab qhov yooj yim ntawm kev mus ncig yuav ua rau kom hloov mus los ntawm ntau cov tsheb khiav mus rau 5G wireless network. Qhov thib ob, Rau qhov kev pabcuam IoT, 5G IoT muaj kev pabcuam dav dav, kev pabcuam yooj yim, kev cuam tshuam cov qauv zoo, kev ua haujlwm yooj yim dua thiab kev saib xyuas, thiab tus nqi qis dua IoT lub rooj vag.

Cov kev sib tw thiab lub sijhawm rau kev kho qhov muag nkag tau rau hauv  5G  era
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab kev sib txuas lus rau kev hloov pauv digital ntawm tag nrho cov tib neeg, 5G yuav paub qhov kev sib tshuam ntawm txhua yam, thiab txuas tib neeg thiab tshuab, ib puag ncig, zoo dua thiab ua tau zoo, thiab nws yooj yim, sai, ntse thiab txhim khu kev qha. Cov kev sib txuas lus yuav ua rau kev tsim kho thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm tag nrho cov tib neeg cov hom kev tsim khoom, qauv kev lag luam thiab kev ua neej.
Piv nrog 4G, 5G tuaj yeem muab kev pab cuam muaj zog, tau faib ua peb txoj kev sib tham hauv kev lag luam hauv xov tooj, ib qho yog txhim kho lub xov tooj txawb dav dav (eMBB) nrog tus nqi nce siab txog 10Gbps, thiab lwm qhov yog tias tus naj npawb ntawm kev sib txuas tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1 lab toj ib square km Cov. Txuas rau Is Taws Nem ntawm yam (mMTC), qhov thib peb yog qis-latency, muaj kev ntseeg siab sib txuas lus (URLLC) nrog qhov kawg-rau-kawg ncua ntawm 1ms, xws li Internet ntawm Cov Tsheb.
Peb tau pom 5G cov pab pawg txuas ntxiv, ncua kev txo qis thiab muaj zog txhawb nqa Is Taws Nem. Nws tseem ua rau muaj kev sib tw loj rau cov khoos phis tawj siv qhov muag pom tau. Ua ntej, rau cov kev pabcuam Internet qub, cov kab xev ntawm cov neeg siv txawb tau nce mus txog 1 ~ 10Gbps. Qhov kev txiav tawm qeeb yog txo mus rau 1 ~ 10ms, uas yog qhov sib luag rau kev sib txuas-kho qhov muag tau txais kev ua haujlwm. Txoj kev siv bandwidth thiab ncua qhov zoo ntawm cov tsoos khoos phis tawm kom zoo yog ploj ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm 5G, thiab qhov yooj yim ntawm kev mus ncig yuav ua rau kom hloov mus los ntawm ntau cov tsheb khiav mus rau 5G wireless network. Qhov thib ob, Rau qhov kev pabcuam IoT, 5G IoT muaj kev pabcuam dav dav, kev pabcuam yooj yim, kev cuam tshuam cov qauv zoo, kev ua haujlwm yooj yim dua thiab kev saib xyuas, thiab tus nqi qis dua IoT lub rooj vag.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm 5G coj cov sijhawm tshiab rau kev kho qhov muag kom pom cov tes hauj lwm. Ua ntej, 5G siv AAU thiab DU kev sib cais architecture, thiab vim tias qhov loj npaum li cas qhia 5G AAU tus naj npawb loj, lub sij hawm 4G 2 zaug lossis ntau zaus, yog li 5G ua ntej lub network xa tau tseem ceeb heev, tus yuam sij rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob fiber ntau tau xa tawm; qhov no tau tsim lub siab-ceev pab them nyiaj ODN network, cov nqi qis thiab kev nkag mus yooj yim ntawm kev thov. 5G AAUs, WDM-PON thev naus laus zis muaj ntau yam kev siv. Qhov thib ob, 5G siv cov cim hluav taws xob loj, uas muaj lub peev txheej tsis muaj zog ntawm phab ntsa-rau-phab ntsa, thiab tseem muaj teeb meem ntawm bandwidth degradation thiab nkag mus tsis tau zoo nyob ntawm ntug ntawm lub wireless wireless. Ntawm kev tsis sib thooj, kev siv bandwidth thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev siv kho qhov muag tau kho cov neeg siv khoom siv ywj pheej yog nyob ntawm qhov deb. Yog ib qho txiaj ntsig loj loj.
Cov neeg teb xov tooj tuaj yeem xav txog qhov zoo ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke 5G wireless nkag mus thiab kho qhov muag tau tsim los ua ib qho ntxiv. Lawv cia siab rau cov peev txheej loj ntawm ODN fiber ntau thiab kev ruaj khov loj-cov uas muaj peev xwm nkag tau rau hauv cov network uas twb muaj lawm los muab cov neeg siv kom ruaj khov thiab txhim kho 5G + FTTH dual-gigabit nkag.

Optical access network evolution trend thiab thev naus laus zis hotspot
Yuav kom ua tiav 5G + FTTH dual Gigabit nkag, qhov kho qhov muag nkag tau siv network xav tau kev xav zoo ib yam kev hloov ntawm wired thiab wireless sib txuas, uas muaj nyob hauv kev npaj thiab kev tsim kho, network architecture, thiab kev kab.
Los ntawm qhov kev xav ntawm kev npaj thiab kev tsim kho, hauv kev npaj cov phiaj xwm network thiab chav tsim kho computer, nws yog qhov yuav tsum xav txog kev lag luam tam sim no thiab kev nthuav dav ua lag luam yav tom ntej. Kev tsim cov chaw pabcuam kev sib koom ua ke yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo, uas yog los ntawm kev faib cov chaw sib txuas, chaw nres tsheb wireless chaw nres tsheb, thiab tsoomfwv cov kev pabcuam kev lag luam, ua ke nrog kev sib cais ntawm thaj chaw tswj hwm thiab thaj chaw ib puag ncig, kev teeb tsa ntawm txoj kev network, thiab kev xa tawm ntawm cov neeg yuav khoom. Txhua qhov chaw muab kev pabcuam nkag tau suav nrog kev pab them nqi kho mob ODN network thiab chav sib nkag tau ntxiv. Cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke hauv chav uniformly deploys taag-kab OLT, wireless BBU / DU, thiab cov khoom siv xaib cable. , kom tau txais qhov chaw nres tsheb hloov chaw ruaj khov.
Los ntawm cov kev xav ntawm lub network architecture, chav nkag tau yooj yim yog POP portal nkag mus los ntawm cov neeg siv thiab yog ib qho ntawm qhov tseem ceeb rau kev paub qhov tseeb kev pabcuam thiab tawm mus rau huab. Chav loj-muaj peev xwm sib koom ua ke nkag los txo tus naj npawb ntawm chav siv tshuab thiab ua tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj sib txuas kom yooj yim. Los ntawm kev tsim cov chav nkag tau zoo tshaj plaws, chav ua haujlwm tsis muaj kev sib koom ua ke, cov cuab yeej siv chav ua haujlwm, cov txheej txheem kev qhia, thiab kev sib tham, kev hloov kho yav tom ntej rau SDN network thiab kev qhia ntawm AI ntse kev ua haujlwm thiab kev saib xyuas yuav yooj yim rau kev tsim kho thiab ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho cov kho qhov muag nkag rau hauv lub network thiab txo kev ua haujlwm. Tus nqi lag luam.
Ntawm cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis, kom ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm cov kev pabcuam tshiab xws li 4K / 8K / VR / AR, lub cable tau hloov kho rau 10G PON thev naus laus zis, thiab wireless ntxiv 5G nkag mus kom tau ntau dua 1Gbps bandwidth ib tus neeg siv. Los ntawm NFVI cov chaw tsim khoom tsis zoo nkag mus rau chav siv cov khoom siv cuab yeej thiab MEC thev naus laus zis, kom ua tau raws li cov kev ua lag luam qis qis kev ua lag luam, nqa cov kev pabcuam tshiab xws li VR, tsheb sib tham, chaw taws teeb tsuj.
Tsom rau kev siv ntau dua ntawm ODN cov cuab yeej siv dag zog, PON thev naus laus zis los ntawm cov ntsiab lus-rau-ntau tus sib txuas lus nthuav tawm ntau cov kev qhia txog cov hotspot, suav nrog WDM-PON thev naus laus zis rau 5G ua ntej kis thiab 50G PON thev naus laus zis rau qhov ntau dua bandwidth.
WDM-PON yog qhov taw tes-rau-ntau qhov thev naus laus zis technology (xa mus rau daim duab hauv qab no). Nws siv txoj kev ywj pheej wavelengths los muab cov kav xa mus rau txhua tus neeg siv, thiab qhov nrawm mus txog 25Gbps, uas ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum ua 5G ua ntej kis. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, WDM-PON phim cov ODN network uas twb muaj lawm cawm tau cov khoom siv roj carbon fiber ntau, thiab tsim nyog rau 5G cov kev pab them nqi hauv cov chaw hauv nroog loj. Nws yog ib qho kev xaiv tseem ceeb rau 5G rau pem hauv ntej xa tshuab. Tam sim no, WDM-PON tseem muaj teeb meem xws li tus nqi siab thiab tsis ntseeg siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm qhov kub thiab txias, uas yuav tsum muaj kev daws teeb meem los ntawm cov saw hlau kev lag luam.

PON tom ntej no siv 50G PON thev naus laus zis, thiab ITU-T tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 2018. 50G PON txais kev siv tshuab ib leeg-wavelength, yog sib xws nrog XG (S) PON thiab GPON, thiab zoo heev txhim kho uplink qeeb kev ua tau zoo los ntawm qes qis DBA thev naus laus zis. Nws tuaj yeem ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev dav bandwidth hauv tsev, thiab tseem tuaj yeem siv rau tsoomfwv thiab tuam txhab lag luam thiab 5G chaw nres tsheb me me qhov chaw nres tsheb rov qab. Cov teb tshiab tau nthuav dav ntau yam kev thov ntawm PON thiab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws thev naus laus zis kev hloov pauv rau cov neeg siv khoom kom siv tag nrho ntawm ODN tes hauj lwm uas twb muaj lawm.
Kev Tawm Tsam txog Kev Tsim Kho Cov Optical Access Network hauv  5G  Era
Lub hauv paus ntawm qhov khoos phis tawm kho qhov muag txuas tsim kho nyob rau hauv 5G era yog los tsim chav nkag ua ke rau hauv chav sib txuas ntse-mobile sib xyaw, ntsib cov kev xav tau ntawm kev ceev, yooj yim, yoog raws , txawj ntse thiab ntseeg tau. Kev txheeb xyuas cov ntawv pov thawj FIG., Thaum khaws cia lub qub zog siv hluav taws xob (suav nrog lub zog rov ua haujlwm), rooj plaub uas cua txias txias, tswj qhov system, thiab cov chaw hla, cov kev nkag network tau muab faib ua plaub sab hauv chav ua haujlwm.

- Cov kev sib txuas ua haujlwm: hais txog lub network sab hauv ntawm chav nkag, xa mus rau Spine-Nplooj architecture ntawm cov ntaub ntawv chaw, tsim kom muaj lub vev xaib loj, ua haujlwm loj thiab ntseeg tau sab hauv kev sib txuas lus kom tau raws li cov wireless DU / wired OLT / uplink kis / nkag mus rau chav nkag NFVI Cov kev sib tham ua lag luam nyuaj thiab QoS lav ntawm cov khoom lag luam;
- Kev siv network: hais txog wireless DU thiab wired OLT, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau wireless thiab wired nkag mus saib ua feem;
- NFVI infrastructure (suav kev cia ua haujlwm):  Raws li tej thaj chaw deb ntawm ntug cov ntaub ntawv chaw ntawm EDC,  qhov kev pabcuam NFV khiav ntawm nws yog tswj los ntawm 5G core network kom ntseeg tau ceev ceev ntawm qis-latency cov kev pabcuam hauv lub sijhawm thiab txhim kho cov neeg siv;
- Kev ua haujlwm sib kis: Qhia qhov sib txuas rau lub network sab kom zoo rau kev nqa cov kab hluav taws xob thiab kev txuas mus ntxiv; cov khoom siv sib kis tau tuaj yeem yog OTN, IPRAN lossis SPN.
Hauv kev muaj tiag, tus naj npawb ntawm kev nkag mus rau chav khoos phis tawj yog qhov loj, thiab cov khoom siv kho vajtse thiab ib puag ncig kuj tseem sib txawv. Cov peev txheej thiab cov cuab yeej ntawm tag nrho cov cuab yeej hloov pauv muaj loj thiab qhov haujlwm tau loj heev. Hauv qhov kev nqis tes ua tshwj xeeb, peb txoj hauv qab no yuav tsum ua tib zoo txiav txim siab thiab nqis tes ua ib kauj ruam. Maj mam hloov zuj zus.
- Kev qhib kev qhib: kev nkag mus ua haujlwm, kev sib txuas ua haujlwm, NFVI infrastructure (xam lub luag haujlwm) thiab kev ua haujlwm sib kis hauv chav nkag mus rau hauv chav ua haujlwm yuav tsum txhawb qhov qhib interface; NFVI cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm tau koom ua ke nrog txhua txoj haujlwm thiab cov neeg siv khoom siv hauv chav khoom siv. Cov.
- Scalability tso cai: Cov kev mob tshwj xeeb ntawm kev nkag mus rau chav siv cov khoom siv yog muaj ntau yam sib txawv, xws li cov khoom siv kho vajtse xws li chav siv cov khoom hauv cheeb tsam, lub zog hluav taws xob, thiab lub tshav kub tawm; nkag tau muaj nuj nqi, kev sib txuas ua haujlwm, NFVI cov cuab yeej siv (ua kom lub zog cia), thiab cov haujlwm sib kis hauv chav nkag mus rau Qoob loo raws li kev xav tau kev lag luam tiag tiag thiab txhawb kev nthuav dav ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab muaj peev xwm
- Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm txoj kev hloov pauv: Lub network kev hloov pauv ntawm chav nkag mus siv cov cuab yeej siv yuav tsum yog los ntawm kev soj ntsuam kom zoo ntawm cov cuab yeej siv nkag hauv cov khoom siv tam sim no. Raws li qhov ua kom paub tseeb tias kev ua haujlwm zoo li qub ntawm cov kev pabcuam uas muaj tam sim no, cov haujlwm yam muaj peev xwm tuaj yeem hloov kho tau raws li cov xwm txheej ntawm chav siv khoom.
Lub vev xaib kho qhov muag tau siv nyob rau hauv 5G era tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Raws li qhov ubiquitous ODN cov cuab yeej siv dag zog, los ntawm kev tsim kho thaj chaw nkag mus rau cov chaw pabcuam, cov kev pabcuam thiab kev siv xov xwm txuas tau tuaj yeem sib phim nrog cov khoom siv hauv thaj chaw, thiab cov khoom siv sib koom siv xws li chav siv khoom siv thiab MEC tuaj yeem pom tau. Ua ke nrog kev hloov zuj zus ntawm PON thev naus laus zis thiab kev qhia txog SDN & NFV thev naus laus zis. Txhawm rau kom pom tseeb cov kev hloov pauv ntawm chav nkag hauv cov khoom siv nkag mus thiab yooj yim kev pabcuam kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm thiab tu.